Course Objective: To develop computer based models for energy systems. To develop financial models for energy conversion and transmission. To use these models in a computer based power flow program to assess performance and control real and reactive energy flows and voltage levels under steady state and fault conditions. To make energy systems management decisions based on engineering and financial data.

Prerequisite: A competent undergraduate knowledge of electrical machines (transformers, three-phase generators and motors), and three-phase power circuits is assumed.

Reference: J.J. Grainger and W.D. Stevenson, Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill, 1995, Chapters 1 through 13 plus 16.

Course Self Evaluation: Based on sucessful completion of problem sets, power flow test, and sample exams provided.

DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE - the content

Introduction
• Review of power concepts,
• Transformer stations
• Thermal and hydraulic generating stations

Transmission Systems
• Design of aerial lines and cables
• Resistance, inductance, and capacitance calculations
• Impact of ground and sky wires
• Bundling of conductors and paralleling of lines
• System equations

Power Flow and Control
• Network equations - assembly and reduction
• Transformers and capacitors for performance control
• Power Flow equations for system monitoring and control
• Solution algorithms - Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson, Fast Decoupled
• Power flow program and model of Ontario system

Economic Operation
• Generation costs - fixed and variable - impact of fuel choices
• Minimizing on-line variable costs
• Inclusion of line losses and economic dispatch algorithm
• Automatic generation and system control

Fault Studies (7 hours)
• Generator characteristics and balanced faults
• Computer-based fault studies
• Symmetrical components and sequence networks
• Unbalanced short-circuit fault calculations
• Unbalanced open-circuit fault calculations
• Stability prediction and limit management
• Computer-based stability studies

PRACTICE (applying the content):

Arrange site visits (recommended) to:
• An Hydraulic Generating Station
• A Coal-fired Generating Station
• A Transformer Station
• An Industrial Distribution System
• A Power System Control Centre

Goal - to observe operating practice in power engineering

Use PC-based Power Flow Program (4 sessions):
• Introduction and MVAR Dispatch
• Control Transformers and MW Flows
• Economic Dispatch
• Self Test on Use of the Program

Goal - learn to use a practical power flow program

Problem Solve (both closed and open-ended):
• solve the 10 problem sets provided with the notes

Goal - self evaluation of ability to solve component modeling problems
• design project 1 - Compare alternative transmission systems
• design project 2 - Develop a power system design

Goal - evaluation of ability to solve system design problems